2019年通辽教师招聘考试英语备考：one的用法总结

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　　2019年通辽教师招聘考试英语备考：one的用法总结

　　在代词的考点中，考查频率很高的一组词为it、one、that，三者均可用作代词，指代前面提到的名词，那么三者之间的区别为：

　　1、一般说来，it指代同名同物;one与that则指代同名异物。

　　例：I have lost my watch; I’m looking for it.

　　该句中it 就是指前面的my watch。

　　例：I have lost my watch; I think I must buy one.

　　在该句中表泛指，因为my watch已经丢了，再去买任意一块手表。

　　例：The watch you bought is cheaper than that I bought.

　　替代词that在该句中特指“the watch I bought”，以区别“the watch you bought”。

　　2、one与that虽可用来指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a/an+名词;that为特指，相当于the+名词。所以one在句子所指代的名词的修饰语一般为a/an/some /any;that在句子所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the/this /that。

　　例：A chair made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.

　　句中one可以换成a chair。

　　例：The water in the cup is hotter than that in the bowl.

　　句子中that可以换成the water，特指。

　　3、one只能代替可数名词单数，代替可数名词复数时用ones;that既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数名词单数，代替可数名词复数时用those。

　　例：I like this skirt more than that one.

　　One在句子中代替可数名词单数skirt。

　　例：There were a few young people and some older ones in the house.

　　Ones在句子代替可数名词复数people。

　　例：Linda’s handwriting is far better than that of John.

　　that在句子中代替不可数名词handwriting。

　　例：These pictures are more beautiful than those.

　　those代替可数名词复数pictures

　　4、one一般有前置修饰语，有时也可有后置修饰语或不用修饰语。而that不能有前置修饰语，但可有后置修饰语。

　　Ms Smith was a strict but good teacher, one who took good care of his students.

　　The weather in Beijing is cooler than that in Shanghai.

　　5、it可以替代句中的不定式或从句等，充当形式主语或形式宾语。one与that均无此用法。

　　例：It is known to everybody that the moon travels around the earth.

　　it指代后面的that the moon travels around the earth作形式主语。

　　例：I found it hard to get on with her.

　　it指代后面的to get on with her作形式宾语。

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